Name: 
 

Study Guide 01


True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
 

 1. 
Documents written in SGML must be used on devices running the Unix operating system.
 

 2. 
Documents written in SGML must be used on specific types of devices, which is one of the language’s limitations.
 

 3. 
SGML has been the chosen vehicle for creating structured documents in business and government organizations of all sizes.
 

 4. 
SGML is an easy language to learn and apply.
 

 5. 
XML is a markup language that can be extended and modified to match the needs of the author and the data content.
 

 6. 
SGML has many of the properties of HTML, but without the expensive overhead.
 

 7. 
HTML allows Web authors to easily design documents that can be displayed on different Web browsers.
 

 8. 
The success of the Web is due in no small part to HTML.
 

 9. 
Creating Web sites with HTML is a challenging process that requires extensive programming experience.
 

 10. 
Web pages must be created with WYSIWYG editors.
 

 11. 
Its ease of use has made HTML popular with many different types of users.
 

 12. 
HTML was originally desired as a primary source for information storage and retrieval.
 

 13. 
HTML can be inconsistently applied.
 

 14. 
Some browsers require all paragraphs to include an ending tag, but others do not.
 

 15. 
XML supports a wide range of optional features.
 

 16. 
Only DTDs, and not schemas, contain rules for how data in a document vocabulary should be structured.
 

 17. 
There is significance difference between the two versions of XML declarations (1.0 and 1.1).
 

 18. 
The UTF-8 character set includes many characters from non-English Western European languages.
 

 19. 
XML follows the same syntax as HTML comments.
 

 20. 
Element names are not case sensitive.
 

 21. 
The name in an element’s closing tag must match the name in the opening tag.
 

 22. 
If an XML document does not include a root element, it is not considered well-formed and is rejected
 

 23. 
Every element in an XML document can contain at most one attribute.
 

 24. 
Some argue that attributes should never be used because they add to the document’s complexity.
 

 25. 
Attributes should be used as data but never to describe the data.
 

 26. 
If all of the XML tags and their attributes were removed from a document ,the remaining text would comprise the document’s content or information.
 

 27. 
Empty element tags are not part of pcdata.
 

 28. 
Character data is not processed—it is treated as pure data content.
 

 29. 
White space is treated the same in HTML as in XML.
 

Modified True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.  If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
 

 30. 
SGML is device-independent. _________________________

 

 31. 
SGML is system-dependent. _________________________

 

 32. 
SGML hosts are markup languages based on the SGML architecture and applied to specific types of information. _________________________

 

 33. 
Unlike SGML, XML is a language used to create other markup languages. _________________________

 

 34. 
Because XML is a subset of SGML many of the software tools developed for SGML should be adaptable for XML. _________________________

 

 35. 
Terseness in XML markup is of maximum importance. _________________________

 

 36. 
At a minimum, an XML document must be well-formed or it will not be readable by programs that process XML code. _________________________

 

 37. 
In an XML declaration, a standalone value of no indicates the a document is self-contained. _________________________

 

 38. 
The version declaration in the XML declaration allows XML to be used across a range of written languages. _________________________

 

 39. 
XML is case sensitive. _________________________

 

 40. 
Element names must begin with a number or the underscore character. ___________________________________

 

 41. 
The root element is also known as the base element. _________________________

 

 42. 
The ISO/IEC character set is an international numbering system for referencing characters from virtually any language. _________________________

 

 43. 
The string ' is a(n) character reference for the apostrophe. _________________________

 

 44. 
A common mistake in XML documents is to forget that the apostrophe symbol is interpreted by the XML processor as a character reference and not as a character. _________________________

 

 45. 
In white space trimming consecutive occurrences of white space are treated as a single space. _________________________

 

 46. 
In XML, white space is ignored within a document’s prolog and dialog and within any element tags. _________________________

 

 47. 
A CDATA section must be empty. _________________________

 

 48. 
Microsoft developed an XML parser called XBIT for its Internet Explorer browser. _________________________

 

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 49. 
A(n) ____ language describes the structure and content of data.
a.
device-independent
c.
device-driven
b.
markup
d.
indexed
 

 50. 
XML has its roots in ____.
a.
HTML
c.
XHTML
b.
SGML
d.
Perl
 

 51. 
____ is a language introduced in 1980 that describes the content and structure of any machine-readable information.
a.
XML
c.
XHTML
b.
HTML
d.
SGML
 

 52. 
SGML is used often in creating SGML ____.
a.
applications
c.
markups
b.
indices
d.
elements
 

 53. 
One SGML application used to create Web pages is ____.
a.
Unix
c.
Java
b.
Perl
d.
HTML
 

 54. 
____ can be thought of as “SGML light.”
a.
HTML
c.
XML
b.
Perl
d.
SQL
 

 55. 
The standards for XML are developed and maintained by ____.
a.
NASA
c.
the W3C
b.
the NSF
d.
DARPA
 

 56. 
XML has to be compatible with the major Web protocols, including ____.
a.
Java
c.
HTTP
b.
ASP
d.
STP
 

 57. 
XML must support a wide variety of ____.
a.
indices
c.
optional features
b.
extensions
d.
applications
 

 58. 
XML must be effective for which of the following?
a.
financial transactions
c.
word processing
b.
voice mail
d.
All of the above
 

 59. 
What is the optimal number of optional features in XML?
a.
0
c.
2
b.
1
d.
There is no set number.
 

 60. 
XML documents should be ____ files.
a.
text
c.
tab-delimited
b.
binary
d.
comma-separated
 

 61. 
XML can be used to create XML ____.
a.
applications
c.
markups
b.
indices
d.
elements
 
 
studyguide01_files/i0650000.jpg
 

 62. 
XML applications like those shown in the figure above are also known as ____.
a.
elements
c.
vocabularies
b.
keys
d.
legends
 

 63. 
As XML has grown in popularity, standard ____ have been developed across a wide range of disciplines.
a.
legends
c.
vocabularies
b.
indices
d.
glossaries
 

 64. 
____ was developed to code molecular information.
a.
CML
c.
MML
b.
CDF
d.
OFX
 
 
studyguide01_files/i0690000.jpg
 

 65. 
The figure above shows a molecule described using ____.
a.
XML
c.
MML
b.
CDF
d.
OFX
 

 66. 
____ is an XML vocabulary used for automatic delivery of information from Web publishers to PCs, PDAs, cell phones, and other devices.
a.
RSS
c.
MML
b.
SMIL
d.
CDF
 

 67. 
____ is an XML vocabulary used for coding molecular information.
a.
CML
c.
OFX
b.
XHTML
d.
MML
 

 68. 
____ is an XML vocabulary used for writing HTML as an XML application.
a.
RSS
c.
XHTML
b.
VoiceXML
d.
MML
 

 69. 
____ is an XML vocabulary used for presenting and evaluating equations and operations.
a.
MML
c.
XHTML
b.
CML
d.
MathML
 

 70. 
____ is an XML vocabulary used for displaying and organizing musical notation and lyrics.
a.
MML
c.
SMIL
b.
RSS
d.
CML
 

 71. 
____ is an XML vocabulary used for exchanging financial data between financial institutions, for example.
a.
MathML
c.
OFX
b.
MML
d.
CML
 

 72. 
____ is an XML vocabulary used for distributing new headlines and syndicated columns.
a.
OFX
c.
XHTML
b.
CDF
d.
RSS
 

 73. 
____ is an XML vocabulary used for editing interactive audiovisual presentations involving streaming audio, video, text, and any other media type.
a.
CML
c.
RSS
b.
MML
d.
SMIL
 

 74. 
____ is an XML vocabulary used for creating audio dialogues that feature synthesized speech and speech recognition.
a.
OFX
c.
SMIL
b.
RSS
d.
VoiceXML
 

 75. 
Controlling what code and content a document from a given vocabulary may have can be done by attaching a ____.
a.
dictionary
c.
valid document
b.
glossary
d.
DTD
 

 76. 
Controlling what code and content a document from a given vocabulary may have can be done by attaching a ____.
a.
valid document
c.
CML
b.
schema
d.
glossary
 

 77. 
To create a DTD or a schema, you need access to a ____.
a.
word processor
c.
text editor
b.
spreadsheet program
d.
WYSIWYG authoring program
 

 78. 
A ____ document contains no syntax errors and satisfies the general specifications for XML code.
a.
synthesized
c.
checked
b.
compound
d.
well-formed
 

 79. 
An XML document that satisfies the rules of a DTD or schema is said to be a(n) ____ document.
a.
free
c.
valid
b.
indexed
d.
roster
 

 80. 
An XML document consists of the ____, the document body, and the epilog.
a.
grammar
c.
prolog
b.
index
d.
chapter
 

 81. 
After the prolog comes the ____ in an XML document.
a.
epilog
c.
chapter
b.
document body
d.
glossary
 

 82. 
An optional ____ occurs after the document body in an XML document and contains any final comments or processing instructions.
a.
chapter
c.
epilog
b.
glossary
d.
dictionary
 

 83. 
The first part of the prolog is the XML ____.
a.
index
c.
declaration
b.
master
d.
link
 

 84. 
The XML ____ signals to the program reading the file that the document is written in XML.
a.
statement
c.
index
b.
declaration
d.
link
 

 85. 
The default version value for an XML declaration is ____.
a.
1.0
c.
1.2
b.
1.1
d.
2.0
 

 86. 
The default encoding scheme for an XML declaration is ____.
a.
ISO-8859-1
c.
Latin-1
b.
UTF-8
d.
DTD 2.0
 

 87. 
The document body consists of the ____ to be stored in the document.
a.
elements
c.
values
b.
attributes
d.
keys
 

 88. 
Element names may not contain ____.
a.
letters
c.
blank spaces
b.
the string “xml”
d.
the underscore character
 

 89. 
Element names cannot begin with the letters “____.”
a.
data
c.
xml
b.
http
d.
xsl
 

 90. 
A(n) ____ element is an element that contains no content.
a.
null
c.
open
b.
void
d.
rich
 

 91. 
An open element is also known as a(n) ____ element.
a.
null
c.
empty
b.
void
d.
key
 

 92. 
Elements that are side-by-side in a document’s hierarchy are ____ elements.
a.
extended
c.
sibling
b.
extensible
d.
familial
 

 93. 
All of the elements in the body are children of a single element called the ____ element.
a.
base
c.
root
b.
fundamental
d.
key
 

 94. 
The ____ symbol indicates that a child element occurs once or not at all.
a.
?
c.
+
b.
*
d.
-
 

 95. 
The ____ symbol indicates that a child element occurs any number of times.
a.
?
c.
+
b.
*
d.
-
 

 96. 
The ____ symbol indicates that a child element occurs at least once.
a.
?
c.
-
b.
*
d.
+
 

 97. 
Attribute values must be enclosed within ____.
a.
ampersands
c.
single or double quotes
b.
carets
d.
colons
 

 98. 
____ is the style-sheet standard developed for use with HTML on the Web
a.
XSL
c.
CSS
b.
XSM
d.
MSXML
 

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
 

 99. 
XML stands for ____________________.
 

 

 100. 
The term ____________________ means capable of being extended and modified.
 

 

 101. 
CML stands for ____________________.
 

 

 102. 
____________________ is used to store and evaluate mathematical operations, constants, and equations.
 

 

 103. 
XHTML stands for ____________________.
 

 

 104. 
If an XML document is part of a vocabulary with a defined DTD or schema, it also needs to be tested to ensure that it satisfies the ____________________ of that vocabulary.
 

 

 105. 
____________________ are the basic building blocks of XML files, containing the data to be stored in the document.
 

 

 106. 
Empty element tags are entered using a(n) ____________________ tag.
 

 

 107. 
An element contained within another element is said to be ____________________.
 

 

 108. 
A nested element is a child element of its ____________________ element.
 

 

 109. 
The root element is also known as the ____________________ element.
 

 

 110. 
A(n) ____________________ describes a feature or characteristic of an element.
 

 

 111. 
To insert characters not on the standard U.S. keyboard, you use a(n) ____________________ reference.
 

 

 112. 
Since it can be difficult to remember the character numbers for different symbols, some symbols can be identified using a(n) ____________________ reference.
 

 

 113. 
____________________ character data consists of all those characters that XML treats as parts of the code of XML documents.
 

 

 114. 
Once you removed parsed character data, the symbols remaining constitute a document’s actual content, known as ____________________ data.
 

 

 115. 
____________________ refers to any space, new line character, or tab character in a document.
 

 

 116. 
A(n) ____________________ section is a large block of text that XML treats as character data only.
 

 

 117. 
When an XML document is created, it needs to be evaluated by a program known as a(n) ____________________.
 

 

Matching
 
 
Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or definition.
a.
processing instruction
e.
schema
b.
markup language
f.
epilog
c.
W3C
g.
XML declaration
d.
vocabulary
h.
element
 

 118. 
Describes the content and structure of data
 

 119. 
Signals to a program that a document is written in XML
 

 120. 
A markup language tailored to contain specific pieces of information
 

 121. 
An organization created in 1994 to develop common protocols and standards for sharing information on the Web
 

 122. 
The basic building block of an XML file
 

 123. 
A command that provides an instruction to XML parsers
 

 124. 
Occurs after the document body in an XML document
 

 125. 
Attached to an XML document to control what code and content a document may have
 



 
Check Your Work     Reset Help