Answer is always a Vector

Notice that even though the above two answers are easy to guess, there is some subtlety to them:

• -1v   =   -v     real number * vector   =   vector
•  0v   =     0     real number * vector   =   vector

The output of scaling is a vector. The boldface 0 in the last equation is the vector represented by (0,0,0)^T, not the real number zero.

2 + 4( 3, 2, 5)T